Mubihe bikabije cyangwa bigoye bigoye kubantu kugendagenda, robot gakondo ziziga cyangwa zikurikiranwa akenshi zihura ningorabahizi bitewe nubutaka bubi bwo guhuza n'imiterere. Imashini za Hexapod, hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwa biomimetike yubatswe hamwe no guhuza amaguru atandatu yubukanishi, byerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe nubushobozi bwogukora ubutumwa mubutaka bugoye, ahantu hafunzwe, ndetse no mubidukikije bidafite uburemere, bihinduka ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mubikorwa bidasanzwe byibidukikije.
Ibyiza bya Bionic Imiterere ya Hexapod: Iringaniza rihamye kandi ryoroshye
Igishushanyo cya robo ya hexapod ikurura imbaraga muri arthropods iboneka muri kamere, nk'inyenzi nigitagangurirwa. Ibi biremwa bifashisha byinshi - guhuza amaguru hamwe ningufu zingirakamaro zo guhindura imbaraga kugirango bikomeze kugenda neza mubutaka bworoshye, imyobo yubutare, ndetse ninkuta zihagaritse. Imashini za robo za Hexapod ziragwa iyi ngingo nyamukuru iranga: niba ukuguru kumwe cyangwa bibiri guhagaritswe nimbogamizi, amaguru ane asigaye arashobora guhindura urugendo rwabo mugihe nyacyo akoresheje algorithms, agakora imiterere ihamye ya mpandeshatu (isa na "tripod gait" y’udukoko) kugirango ibuze robot gutembera. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana ko ahantu hahanamye hafite impagarike ya dogere 30 cyangwa mu miyoboro ifite umurambararo wa cm 15 gusa, igipimo cya robot ya hexapod kiri hejuru ya 40% ugereranije na robo enye kandi 70% iruta iya robo ifite uruziga.
Icy'ingenzi cyane, uburinganire bwimiterere ya hexapod butanga robot ihindagurika ryibidukikije bidasanzwe. Kurugero, mugushakisha imyanda no gutabara, niba ukuguru kwangiritse kugongana, sisitemu irashobora guhita igabana umutwaro, ikohereza 30% yuburemere bwambere bwatwarwaga nako kuguru kumaguru yandi maguru atanu, hanyuma igakomeza imbere binyuze mumigambi yo kugenda (nko guhinduranya ukuguru - gukandagira ukuguru hamwe na - gukandagira amaguru). Ubu bushobozi bwo "kwihanganira ibyangiritse" buragoye kuri robot nyinshi kubigeraho.
Igenzura rifatika mubidukikije bidasanzwe: Kuva mukarere ka polar kugera kumwanya wimbitse
Agaciro ka robo ya hexapod yagaragaye mubihe bitandukanye bikabije. Mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi ya Arctique, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi muri Kanada ryakoze robot "Polar Hexapod" ifite imashini itwara imashanyarazi ya infragre hamwe na module yo gucukura urubura, yambutse neza tundra hamwe n’ibarafu bikonje kuri dogere -40, ikusanya ingero z’imiterere ya mikorobe y’ikiyaga cya subglacial. Gukoresha drone byavamo kugabanuka gukabije mubuzima bwa bateri bitewe nubushyuhe buke, mugihe kwishingikiriza kubakoresha abantu byatera ibyago byubukonje.
Mu rwego rwo gukora ubushakashatsi ku birunga, robot ya "Vulcan" ya hexapod yo muri kaminuza ya Tokiyo, mu Buyapani, ifite ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa - byerekana ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (bushobora guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa dogere 300) hamwe n’ibikoresho bya sensor ya gaze, byinjiye cyane mu nkombe z’ibirunga bikora kugira ngo bikusanyirize hamwe amakuru ya dioxyde de sulfure. Amaguru yayo atandatu agaragaza ingingo zidafite amazi, zituma habaho kuringaniza ingaruka ziterwa no guturika ivu ry’ibirunga n’imyanda. Ibikoresho bizunguruka birashobora kwibasirwa cyane nibidukikije nkibi kubera imyanda iba mumuziga.
Ndetse ibyiringiro byinshi ni umwanya wo gusaba. "Lunar Hexapod" prototype kuri ubu irimo kugeragezwa na NASA ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kugenda bwa algorithm yo gukurura imbaraga nke (1/6 cy'uburemere bw'isi). Buri kuguru gafite ibikoresho byikuramo. Mu ntambwe, robot ibanza kurinda umubiri hamwe na ankeri mbere yo kuzamura ukuguru kwegeranye kugirango yimuke, irinde kunyerera iterwa nubutaka bworoshye bwukwezi. Ibigereranyo byakozwe mu 2023 byerekanaga ko robot yazamutse mu ntera ya dogere 25 y’amasaro y’ibirahuri ikozwe mu butaka bw’ukwezi bwikubye inshuro eshatu kurusha Apollo lunar rover, mu gihe yakoresheje imwe - gatanu gusa ingufu za nyuma.
Tekinike ya tekinike hamwe niterambere rizaza
Nubwo bafite ibyiringiro byiza, robot ya hexapod iracyafite ibibazo bitatu byingenzi: Icya mbere, igitutu cyukuri - icyemezo cyigihe - gufata mubidukikije bigoye. Igenzura rya gakondo algorithms irashobora gutinda mugihe icyarimwe ihuye nubutaka bworoshye, inzitizi zo hejuru, hamwe n’imivurungano ikomeye (nkumuyaga namazi). Icya kabiri, inzitizi zo gutanga ingufu. Hejuru - yimitwaro, cyane cyane mumwanya wimbitse cyangwa mubutaka bwisi utarinze kwishyurwa hanze, ushyira hejuru cyane kubushobozi bwa bateri. Icya gatatu, amakimbirane hagati yikiguzi na miniaturizasi. Kugeza ubu - amaherezo ya robo ya hexapod ubusanzwe igura amadolari arenga miriyoni, bikagabanya kohereza -.
Academia yatanze ibisubizo byinshi bishya kugirango bikemuke. Kurugero, "moteri ya adaptive gait" ihujwe no kwiga gushimangira byimbitse ituma robot yigenga yigenga ingamba nziza zo kugenda mukwigana amamiriyoni yimikoranire mubice bitandukanye. Gukoresha ibikoresho bya biomimetike byoroshye (nka karubone fibre bionic tendons) bigabanya uburemere bwamaguru mugihe byongera imbaraga zo kurwanya ingaruka. Igishushanyo mbonera cyingufu (nka micro - bateri za kirimbuzi cyangwa firime yizuba) byongerera igihe cya bateri.
Birateganijwe ko hamwe niterambere ryibikoresho siyanse, ubwenge bwubuhanga, hamwe nigitekerezo cyo kugenzura, robot ya hexapod izagenda ihinduka kuva "ibikoresho bidasanzwe" igere kuri "platform rusange" kugirango ikore mubidukikije. Byaba ari ubushakashatsi ku buzima bwimbitse - imiyoboro y’amazi y’amazi, gusukura uturere tw’imirasire nyuma y’impanuka z’ingufu za kirimbuzi, cyangwa gutwara ibikoresho mu gihe cyo kubaka ikigo cya Mars, uyu "mushakashatsi utandatu - amaguru" azaba umufatanyabikorwa w’ingenzi mu gufasha abantu kwagura imipaka y’ubwenge.
